Companions (who, where, how, when, how much) (Fallout 4)

Let's collect some general information about the companions.
Here, in the next topic, helio announced the general bonuses that companions give (I duplicated it below). But where can you find them (preferably, write with screenshots of the map)? What are the default guns in their hands? Who is the boy, who is the girl? Which of them gives the quest (none?)? With whom can you stir up a marriage? Throw info in this thread, I'll try to duplicate it in the header.

1) Keith (Cait) - fast HP regeneration if the indicator is below 25%.
2) Mister Helper (Codsworth) - increase by 10 units of resistance to energy damage from weapons of robots.
Spoiler- Location: Senchuari town, not far from the Main Hero's house.
- Paul: Robot.
3) Curie - once a day restores 100 HP if its level is below 10%.
4) Dance (Danse) - increased damage by 20% against super
mutants , wild animals and robots Spoiler - Location: Police station "" in the city "
- Outfit: Power armor of the Brotherhood of Steel
- Gender: Male.
5) Deacon - increased damage from hidden attacks by 20% and increased duration of the Stealth mode by 20%
Spoiler- Location: At the headquarters of the "Underground" organization.
- How to find:
Spoiler - Complete the "Follow the path of Freedom" quest. You can learn about this quest by listening to the conversations of people in Diamond City.
- Gender: Male.
6) Hancock - with a radioactivity indicator (RAD) of 250 or higher, a critical hit is accelerated by 20%.
7) Maccready - the chance to hit the head using the VATS system is increased by 20%.
8) Nick Valentine - 50% faster restart when jailbroken terminals and one extra chance of being jailbroken.
Spoiler - Location: Found as you progress through the main storyline.
- Gender: Male
9) Piper - 100% bonus experience during dialogues with NPCs and opening new locations on the map.
Spoiler - Location: Diamond City, Newspaper
- Weapon: 10mm pistol.
- Female gender.
10) Preston - 20% increased damage and resistance to damage when colliding with three or more enemies.
Spoiler- Location: Concorde town.
- Gender: Male.
11) Strong - when HP is below 25%, weapon damage increases by 20%.
12) X6-88 - resistance to energy damage increases by 20 units.
13) Dog.
Spoiler Location:
Gender: Dog.
Companion-related skills: